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Nederlands / Dutch

Cicadas in the garden.

Cicadas (Orde Auchenorrhyncha).

A singing cicada (cicadidae) photographed in France.

.. .    Maybe Cicada orni. Family Cicadidae. About 25 mm. One of the known singing cicada. In the Mediterranean, you always hear them. You see them much less. If they are sitting in a tree, they are very well camouflaged. Closer up, they stop making noise. This cicada was sitting on a beautiful spot. The larva of a singing cicada lives underground for several years feeding on juices of plant roots. The adult cicadas don't live long. (Several weeks to several months.

Family Spittle Bugs (Aphrophoridae).
The nymph produces a cover of frothed-up plant sap resembling spit. They give less damage than the plant lice. That spit has been made from own body juices. For this reason there are few animals, which eat these nymphs.

Froghopper (Cercopidae). A cover of frothed-up plant sap resembling spit. Nymph of a froghopper. Photo 6-7-2013.

All cicadas from the family Aphrophoridae in the Netherlands on Waarneming. 

..   Alder Spittlebug (Aphrophora alni). Family Aphrophoridae. Recognizable by the white spots near the margin of the wings. But Philaenus spumarius and variants of other Aphrophora species can be similar. On a wide range of trees and shrubs. Length 9-10 mm. May - October. The nymph produces a cover of frothed-up plant sap resembling spit. Photos 16-10-2012. German:  Erlenschaumzikade.  French: Cercope de l'aulne, Cicadelle écumeuse.

.. . .   Common Froghopper (Philaenus spumarius). Family Aphrophoridae.  A very variable species in terms of drawing and colour. The Philaenus spumarius on the first photo left looks like the larger Aphrophora alni. But Philaenus spumarius has very fine hairs on its wings. Length 5-7 mm. June - September. The nymph produces a cover of frothed-up plant sap resembling spit. Photos: 19-6-2012, 23-9-2012, 11-11-2012. German: Wiesenschaumzikade. French: le cercope des prés or la philène spumeuse.

.. .   Neophilaenus Neophilaenus minor or Neophilaenus lineatus). Not in our garden, but in the dunes about 4 km from our home.   I often see this cicade in the dunes. A cicada with light forewings with a dark elongated stripe. There are two very similar species. Neophilaenus minor (♂: 4.0-4.5 mm; ♀: 4.1-5.1 mm) and Neophilaenus lineatus (♂: 4.6-5.6 mm; ♀: 5.4-6.8 mm). Neophilaenus lineatus is generally darker. Both species live on grasses, overwinter as egg and have one generation in a year. They are mainly found from June to October. Photos: 14-8-2017.

Familie Froghoppers (Cercopidae). In the Netherlands only two species.
The nymph produces a cover of frothed-up plant sap resembling spit. The cicadas are more colourful than the cicadas in the family Aphrophoridae.

All cicadas from the family Cercopidae in the Netherlands on Waarneming.

.. .   Haematoloma dorsatum. Family Cercopidae. Not in our garden, but in the dunes about 4 km from our home.   It originates from the Mediterranean. It looks like the Cercopis vulnerata. A black cicada with red spots. Scutellum and pronotum are black. The outer edge of the forewing is partially red and the forewings are hairy (in contrast with the larger Cercopis vulnerata). The cicada lives on the needles of pine trees. They suck the sap from the needles, causing brown. The larva feed on the roots of grasses. May - August. The larva overwinters underground. Length 6,5-7,5 mm. Photos 27-5-2013.

..   Red-and-black Froghopper (Cercopis vulnerata). Family Cercopidae.  In Drenthe, unfortunately not in our neighborhood. I hope I can find it in our neighborhood. Until then I leave these pictures. It looks like the Haematoloma dorsatum. A black cicada with red spots. Scutellum and pronotum are black. The outer edge of the forewing is for black and the forewings are not clearly hairy (in contrast with the smaller Haematoloma dorsatum). The cicada lives on grasses and other low plants and shrubs (Here on willow). The larva feed on the roots of grasses.  April - August. The larva overwinters underground. Length 9-11 mm. Photos 26-5-2016.

Family Planthoppers (Delphacidae).
They are separated from other "hoppers" by the prominent spur on the the hindleg.

All cicadas from the family Delphacidae in the Netherlands on Waarneming.

.. .   Javesella dubia. Probably. Family Delphacidae. Male. Not quite sure. Other species in the Netherlands J. discolor, J. forcipata J. obscure ella, J. pellucida. They are usually brachypteer, but can also be macropteer. Translucent forewings, which are normally slightly brownish. They are somewhat variable in color, males are generally darker than the females. May - September. Length brachypteer 2.5 mm and macropteer to 3.5 mm. Photos 9-8-2016.

Family Cicadellidae.
The forewings are relative soft. One or more rows of small spines on the hind leg. A large family divided into subfamilies and tribes.

All cicadas from the family Cicadellidae in the Netherlands on Waarneming.
 

Subfamily Agalliinae.

.. . . .   Agallia consobrina. Subfamily Agalliinae. Family Cicadellidae. A small cicada with striking light and dark veins. There are family members which are similar. Length 3.5-4 mm. Host: Grasses. February - November. Photo's 22-11-2012, 6-1-2013, 14-6-2016, 18-7-2016.  without darkened veins.. Nymph.

Subfamily Aphrodinae.

.. . .  Aphrodes spec. Subfamily Agalliinae. Family Cicadellidae. A variable cicada. Aphrodes makarovi and Aphrodes bicincta  are not to identify from a photograph. A third species in the Netherlands is Aphrodes aestuarina. The length of this cicada is about 6 mm. Host: Different plants. In the photo on goldenrod. June - October. Photos 12-8-2016, 13-8-2016.   Aphrodes nymph 20-6-2019.

Subfamily Cicadellinae. 

.. .   Green Leafhoppe (Cicadella viridis). Subfamily Cicadellinae. Family Cicadellidae. The female is green, the male blue-green. They live on plant juices. Especially grasses. In these pictures they are on other plants. Length 6-9 mm. May - November. They overwinter as eggs. Palearctic. Photos 27-9-2013. 5-9-2014. For the first time a green leafhopper in our garden. The other photos (27-9-2014) are taken in the dunes.   Nymph Cicadella viridis.

Rhododendron Leafhopper (Graphocephala fennahi). Subfamily Cicadellinae. Family Cicadellidae. A beautiful cicada with yellow legs and abdomen. The wings are green with two red longitudinal stripes. You find them on the rhododendrons. Those shrubs I have had since a number of years no longer in the garden. Apparently the spindles is a good substitute, because I can find them in July only in these shrubs. In the months afterwards they are also to be seen on other plants. It originates from Northern America. Around 1930 it has been introduced to Great Britain. Afterwards it has spread  in thirty years widely throughout Europe. Length 8-9 mm. July - November. German:  Rhododendronzikade.  French: Cicadelle du rhododendron.

Subfamily Deltocephalinae.

..   Allygus mixtus. Maybe!! Subfamily Deltocephalinae. Family Cicadellidae. The cicada is covered with dark spots. A large number of white cross veins. It looks like the Allygidius commutatus and Allygidius modestus. You have to make a photo of the underside to be sure, Length 6-7 mm. June-October. The nymphs feed on grasses. The adult cicada are found on deciduous trees like oak. Photos 3-7-2011. 31-7-2016. A certain Allygus mixtus. The last segment is noticeably wider. To this it can be recognized.

.. .   Allygus modestus. Subfamily Deltocephalinae. Family Cicadellidae. It looks like the Allygidius mixtus, but it has short diagonal  lines.   Length 6-7,5 mm. The nymphs feed on grasses. The adult cicada are found on deciduous trees. June-October. Photos 9-7-2016.

Japanese leafhopper or Mosaic leafhopper, Orientus ishidae. Subfamily Deltocephalinae. Family Cicadellidae. It resembles Allygidius with a mosaic pattern. Length 4.5-6.5 mm. The nymphs can be seen in all kinds of trees and shrubs. June-October. Overwinters as an egg in plant tissue. Native to Japan, but now also in North America and Europe. Photos 15-10-2024.

Subamily Iassinae.
Relatively broad cicadas. Green ore pale brown.

Iassus lanio. Iassinae. Family Cicadellidae.Not in our garden, but in the dunes about 4 km from our home.   The forewings are green to pale brown. Top of the head, pronotum and scutellum are dark motted. It is very similar to Iassus scutellaris, which lives on elm. Length male 6.5-7.5 woman 8.2 - 6.3 mm. Host: pedunculate oak and sessile oak. They overwinter as eggs. Europe. Photo 3-7-2018.

Subfamily Idiocerinae.

.. . . Acericerus heydenii. Subfamily Idiocerinae. Family Cicadellidae. The forewings are greyish brown, the veins are black and brown with white spots on it. On the back there is a bright spot. It is larger and darker than the Acericerus vittifrons and A. ribauti. Length 6-6.5 mm. Host: Maple. The adult cicada overwinters. Europe. Photos 23-11-2011.

..   Idiocerus herrichii, Idiocerus herrichi. Subfamiy Idiocerinae. Family Cicadellidae. Not in the garden, but about 1 km from our home. It looks like the Idiocerus lituratus. A pale midline of the pronotum and distinctive markings on the scutellum.  Idiocerus herrichi can be found on willow (Salix alba and S. fragilis). Here on willow.  They overwinter as adult cicada. Length about 6-7 mm.  Europe. Photos 10-3-2014.

..   Populicerus populi. Subfamiy Idiocerinae. Family Cicadellidae. Not in our garden, but in the dunes about 4 km from our home.   A brown cicada with a yellow head and legs. Cerus populi populi can be found on poplar (Populus sp.) Here on aspen (Populus tremula). They overwinter as eggs. June - Octobe. Length of about 6 mm. Europe, M. Asia, the Caucasus, Siberia, Central. Asia, East Asia and North Africa. Photos 19-8-2013.

..   Stenidiocerus poecilus. Subfamiy Idiocerinae. Family Cicadellidae.  Hij lijkt op Idiocerus herrichii, maar is iets kleiner en mist de kenmerkende gezichtsbeharing van I. herrichii. Informatie page. 240 entomologische berichten (in Dutch). A pale broad midline of the pronotum and also on the scutellum.  It only occurs on black poplar, including Italian poplar. There aren't poplars in our garden, maybe it was lost. Very rare, but because Italian poplar is often planted, it can now occur in more places.  They overwinter as adult cicada. Length 5-6,5 mm. Europe. Photos 21-11-2016.

..   Viridicerus ustulatus. Old name Idiocerus ustulatus. Subfamily Idiocerinae. Family Cicadellidae. A bright green cicada with a brown scutellum with two light spots, the inner margins of the transparent wings are brown. It lives on poplar. These trees are not found in my garden, so I do not know what it eats in the garden. All year. They overwinter in evergreen trees like yew. Length about 4-5 mm. mm. Europe. Photos 12-5-2015.

Subfamily Macropsinae.  .

.. . . .   Oncopsis spec. Subfamily Macropsinae. Family Cicadellidae. Oncopsis flavicollis and Oncopsis subangulata are quite similar and are quite variable as you can see in these pictures. Both species can be found at birch. Length 4.5-5.5 mm. May - September. But Oncopsis alni and Oncopsis tristis are also similar! It's very difficult to find the right species. Photos 14-5-2011, 23-5-2011, 6-6-2019. The nymphs are variable like the adults  Photos 17-6-2012.

Subfamily Typhlocybinae. 

Tribe Alebrini.

..   Alebra. Tribe Alebrini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. In the Netherlands, the species are: Alebra albostriella (mainly on pedunculate oak), Alebra coryli (mainly on hazel), Alebra neglecta (hornbeam, bird cherry, hawthorn), Alebra viridis (mainly on sessile oak), Alebra wahlbergi (various deciduous trees). They are quite variable and look alike. Forewings with pale longitudinal stripes and an entirely membranous area at the wingtip without veins. Sometimes with orange or red. I found this Alebra in a pedunculate oak. So maybe an Alebra albostriella. Male 3.2-4 mm, female 3.5-4.5 mm. June to October. The eggs overwinter. Photos 5-8-2019.

Tribe Dikraneurini.

..   Liguropia juniperi Tribe Dikraneurini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. A yellow-green cicada with whitish and bluish veins. It feeds on cypresses. It is originally from the Mediterranean region. Late 20th century, it has expanded to the north. July - probably September. Length 3-3,5 mm. Photos 9-8-2016.

Tribe Empoascini.

..  Empoasca spec. Tribe Empoascini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. This cicada I often see in the yew hedge. There are different species of similar appearance. It looks darker green than in these pictures. On the head and pronotum are whitish markings. I see them throughout the year. Length 3-4 mm. Photos 11-10-2012.

Kybos. Nymph. Tribe Empoascini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. No adult Kybos found yet. I don't know what Kybos species it is. Photo 6-6-2019.

Tribe Erythroneurini.

.. .  Arboridia. Tribe Erythroneurini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. Arboridia parvula (2.5-3 mm) and Arboridia ribauti (3-3.5 mm) are both possible. Except for a slight difference in size, they look very much alike. A light yellow cicada with dark oblong spots. On the scutellum are two black spots. Two other similar species are Arboridia erecta and Arboridia velata These cicadas I 've found on elm and maple. Both species are found a large part of the year. Photos 11-10-2016, 12-10-2016.

..  Zygina. Tribe Erythroneurini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. Female. Zygina species have a red zigzag band over the forewings. The species are very similar. Females are often unidentifiable. The clavus (part fore wing along the scutellum) is dark, but that characteristic can be seen in more species. Zygina angusta is a possibility. About 3 mm. A large part of the year. The adult cicada overwinters under an evergreen leaf, like the cicada in the picture under a leaf of a blackberry. Photos 16-2-2018.

..   Zygina flammigera. Tribe Erythroneurini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae.  A red zigzag band over the forewings. A brown scutellum. The clavus (part of the front wing along the scutellum) is pale. Length 3.2-3.4 mm. A large part of the year. The adult cicada overwinters under a evergreen leaf (here under the leaf of a rose). On various woody Rosaceae. Photos 10-11-2019.

Tribus Typhlocybini.

.. .   Edwardsiana spec or Fagocyba spec. Tribe Typhlocybini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. In September, October I see them on the leaves of the Japanse Cherry (Prunus serrulata). Almost under each leave, but I can’t find damage. It's a mall cicada, about 3-4 mm. On the photo left (2007) you see a psocoptera nymph too.  There are many small yellow species and they are impossible to determine from a photo. Photos 20-10-2007, 26-9-2012. 27-10-2016. Edwardsiana spec. on a rose. Name species isn't possible.

..  Eupteryx atropunctata. Tribe Typhlocybini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. A yellow cicada with dark pattern. It is very similar to the Eupteryx aurata, which mainly lives  on nettle, has a slightly darker pattern and has larger spots on the pronotum. It is also very similar to the Eupteryx origani, which lives in Limburg (south of the Netherlands) on wild marjoram. It occurs mainly on mint, deadnettle family. May - October. They overwinter as eggs. Length 3,4-3,8 mm. Photos 4-10-2018.

..   Eupteryx decemnotata. Tribe Typhlocybini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. Eupteryx decemnotata looks like the Eupteryx melissae, but it is smaller (about 1 mm). The dark spots on the vertex (top of head) are slightly different. The cicada I have photographed was near Sage. One of its hosts. April - October. They overwinter as eggs. Length 2-3 mm. Photos 6-4-2013.

.. .   Eupteryx melissae. Tribe Typhlocybini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. Three years after I had photographed a Eupteryx decemnotoata I also found the Eupteryx melissae in the garden on Sage. The different form of the spots is clear. In other countries than the Netherlands there is also the very similar Eupteryx salviae. On sage (Salvia). But also on other plants of the family Labiatae or  Lamiaceae). This year there were many cicadas on our sage. May - October. They overwinter as eggs. Length 3 mm. Photos 20-9-2016. A nymph in the last picture.

Eupteryx. Tribe Typhlocybini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. From Lamiastrum galeobdolon subsp. argentatum shaken. Would indicate Eupteryx stachydearum, because it lives on spotted dead-nettle and yellow archangel. Unfortunately, he can not be determined with certainty from a photograph, because Eupteryx stachydearum resembles Eupteryx urticae, Eupteryx cyclops, Eupteryx calcarata, Eupteryx collina, Eupteryx immaculatifrons, Eupteryx curtisii. Eupteryx stachydearum you can find in June - October and they overwinter as eggs. Length 2.8-3.6 mm. Photo 25-6-2018.

Eurhadina. With its old skin. Tribe Typhlocybini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. Eurhadina concinna, Eurhadina kirschbaumi, Eurhadina pulchella. Eurhadina ribauti are very similar. Eurhadina loewii is only recognizable if it has a wide dark band. Wings are quite wide in the middle. Striking dark wing veins. Cicada in the photo may not have been completely coloured. Length approximately 3.5-4 mm. Photo 6-6-2019.

.. . .  Lindbergina aurovittata Tribe Typhlocybini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. A yellow-green cicada with light stripes. It looks Ribautiana tenerrima (with a dark border at the last, transparent part of the front wings) and Alebra albostriatella (small black spots on the hind shin). In deciduous trees. Especially (like this one) in oak. August - November. Length 3-3,5 mm. Photos 27-10-2016.

..   Ribautiana ulmi. Tribe Typhlocybini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. It is similar to Ribautiana ognevi, which also occurs on elm, but which hasn't been found in the Netherlands yet. A yellow-green cicada with a dark border at the last, transparent part of the front wings. The scutellum can also be darker than the cicada on this picture. It lives on elm, but it can also occur on other deciduous trees like oak, alder and hazel. May - November. Length 3,5-4 mm. Photos 11-10-2016.

Typhlocyba quercus. Tribe Typhlocybini. Subfamily Typhlocybinae. Family Cicadellidae. Forewings with an orange or red pattern. It lives particularly on oak and prunus species. June - September. Overwinters as egg. Length 3-3.4 mm. Photo 2-8-2019.

Subfamily Ulopinae.  Sometimes classified as a separate family Ulopidae.

..   Heidecicade (Ulopa reticulata). Onderfamilie Ulopinae. Familie Cicadellidae. Sometimes classified as a separate family Ulopidae. Not in our garden, but in the dunes about 4 km from our home.  The Ulopa reticulata  is brown and striking marked with two light bands on the wings. Sometimes, with a third band. It is only found on moorland. Both heather (Erica) and heather (Calluna) The hind legs are not suitable to be able to jump, they can fly. You can see them all year, but because of the small size and because they are in the heather plants, you don't see them during a walk.  Length 3 mm. Photos 4-5-2015.

Family Cixiidae.
The forewings are at least partially transparent and small bristly hairs on the veins. Nymphs live in the soil of plant roots.

All cicadas from the family Cixiidae in the Netherlands on Waarneming.

..   Tachycixius pilosus. Family Cixiidae. Not in our garden, but in the dunes about 4 km from our home.   Along the edge of the wing are three dark spots. At the top you see a dark spot.  In deciduous trees and shrubs. The larva feeds on grasses. (at the base) May - July. The adult cicada overwinters. Length 4,5-5,5 mm. Fotos 27-5-2013.

Family Dictyopharidae.
Cicadas with an elongated forehead as a kind of nose. No pictures. Not in the Netherlands, but in Europe: Dictyophara europaea.

Family Issidae.
Stocky cicadas through the broad wings. The head with two ocelli.

All cicadas from the family Issidae in the Netherlands on Waarneming.

.. . Nymph:   Issus coleoptratus. Family Issidae. It can be found on woody plants and trees. Characteristic are the many cross veins on the wings. They have a stocky body. Issus coleoptratus resembles the much rarer Issus muscaeformis. Here you can find the differences between these two species.   Length 3-4 mm. June - November. The nymphs have a white 'tail' consisting of strands of wax that are secreted from special glands. The tail they can lose at catching. First small photo: I saw  them, when I was pruning the holly. This issus I found on the honeysuckle, which grows near the holly. It was funny, I did not notice the nymph of the bug Campyloneura virgula (family Miridae) on the branch. Other photos: 15-6-2012, 25-6-2012, 5-5-2012. German: Echte Käferzikade.

Family Membracidae.
Cicadas with a large p5onotum with a long protrusion over the scutellum.

All cicadas from the family Membracidae in the Netherlands on Waarneming.

A treehopper Stictocephala bisonia, Stictocephalus bisonia. Family Membracidae. Photographed in 2010 in the Ardèche in Franve. Native to North America. Spread in Europa early 20th century most likely via the fruit. It is now in Southern and Central Europe, Central Asia and North Africa. In the Netherlands a very rare exotic species, which was first seen in Limburg in 2003. Bisonia refers to the resemblance of its profile to that of a bison. It has a the triangular shape and the sides of the front develop into small points. It has transparent wings. This bright-green treehopper feeds upon sap from leaves of trees and plants as willow, elm, goldenrod, clover. But also fruit trees and vines. The eggs overwinter in the branches. The female bores with its ovipositor a hole for the eggs. The nymphs appear in May, June. They crawl down and feed on grasses and weeds. Length: 6 - 8 mm

Parasites of cicadas.

.. Nymph of an Issus with an ectoparasite under te wing of the family Dryinidae. (21-6-2018) Next an example of a dryinidwasp. Anteon brachycerum. Family Dryinidae. Female. (7-4-2012) The larvae of dryinidwasps are ectoparasite on cicadas. Adult female dryinidwasps usually have a chelate foretarsus for grasping the cicada during oviposition. The cicada stays alive at that moment. The larva of the wasp only has the head through the skin of the cicada and is feeding internally on the host. When it grows it develops a hardened sac-like "case" to protect its vulnerable body. The host is eventually killed. Pupation occurs on a plant or in the soil. It overwinters as pupa. Information and photo also on the page wasps, bees.

I want to thank for the help: Harry de Koning, Henk Soepenberg and Marco de Haas.

  Cicadas.  A site which I've used for information about cicadas.

Nederlands / Dutch                                                    

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